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We've already
learned about three converting particles that switch between nouns, adjectives,
and adverbs: -eT (-eth),
-eS (-esh), and -ex (-ets). There are two left to
learn which resemble each other in both form and function: -tav (-tav) and -tan (-tan).
Both of these
particles convert verbs into nouns. –tav (-tav) produces common nouns which express a completed realization
or result of the action of the verb. These nouns can be abstract or concrete;
some are easier to translate than others. marntav (marntav), the
completion of the act of creating, is a creation, the same way that manSUtav (manshūtav), the result of
dying, is death. But what is bareltav (bareltav), the completed act or result of making? This would
best be rendered as a made thing in English, which has no word of its
own to designate this concept. Common English suffixes which may be associated
with –tav (-tav) are: -ance,
-ment, -tion, and -sion.
Examples: |
Krotav
(krotav) |
movement
|
| |
seltav
(seltav) |
writing |
| |
mEstav
(mēstav) |
speech |
| |
bAktav
(bākhtav) |
link |
–tan (-tan), on the other hand,
produces what we call solidary nouns. Solidary nouns denote a class or group of
people (think solidarity). In other words, –tan (-tan) changes the verb into the person who does that
verb, who performs its action. You may notice that we've been using some of
these words for a while now: cUrtan (chūrtan) (student), seltan (seltan) (writer), tEgtan (tēgtan) (worker), etcetera. Corresponding English suffixes include: -er/-or and -ant/-ent.
Examples: |
mEstan
(mēstan) |
speaker, orator |
| |
SokUtan
(shokhūtan) |
instructor |
| |
bareltan
(bareltan) |
Maker (rebareltan is another name for
Yahvo, the principal D'ni deity) |
| |
lontan
(lontan) |
discoverer |
Lesson 19
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